Directions:
Define the terms using your own words, not copying and pasting from another source.
Add images to the saying to help you remember the differences between the three major amendments.
Create the four way chart and add information about the different groups of people during this time. For the quote, you are writing a quote that this person might have said. It should be at least 20 words long. Add images as well.
Define the terms using your own words, not copying and pasting from another source.
Add images to the saying to help you remember the differences between the three major amendments.
Create the four way chart and add information about the different groups of people during this time. For the quote, you are writing a quote that this person might have said. It should be at least 20 words long. Add images as well.
Reconstruction
Important Vocabulary
Reconstruction:
Impeach:
13th Amendment:
14th Amendment:
15th Amendment:
Jim Crow laws:
Reconstruction:
Impeach:
13th Amendment:
14th Amendment:
15th Amendment:
Jim Crow laws:
Free Citizens Vote
13th = "Free"Insert Image
|
14th = "Citizens"Insert Image
|
15th = "Vote"Insert Image
|
A Mile in Their Shoes
Ex-Confederate SoldierFacts:
1. 2. 3. Quote: Insert Image |
CarpetbaggerFacts:
1. 2. 3. Quote: Insert Image |
FreedmanFacts:
1. 2. 3. Quote: Insert Image |
WomanFacts:
1. 2. 3. Quote: Insert Image |
Expert Information
How do you fix something that is broken? Will the item in question ever be the same? These questions were of utmost concern to the United States during the period following the Civil War known as Reconstruction. This was a period of massive political, economic, and social rebuilding of the South. Whole regions of the South were devastated by the war. All told, the Confederacy suffered $10 billion dollars in ruined land and possessions. In Georgia, three –fourths of the wealth had disappeared. The Emancipation Proclamation had set free $272 million dollars worth of slaves. Money, bonds, and stocks were worthless. Forty thousand citizens were dead or gone. And thanks to Sherman’s March, acres and acres of cities and countryside were in ruin. Tough decisions needed to be made on the feasibility of rebuilding Southern cities like Atlanta that were ruined. As early as 1863, Lincoln devised a plan for restoring the Union after the war was over. Since Lincoln did not believe that the Southern states had seceded from the Union, his “10 Percent Plan” called for a swift restoration of the country. Under the terms of the president’s plan, a southern state could form a new government after 10 percent of its voters swore an oath of loyalty to the United States and slavery was abolished. Not everyone was pleased with Lincoln’s plan. High on the list of critics was some of Lincoln’s fellow Republicans. Many felt Lincoln was being too lenient with the South and the South should be punished for their actions, which had cost the country over 600,000 lives.
While Lincoln had hopes of convincing Congress to accept his Reconstruction Plan, those plans were dashed on the night of April 14, 1865. While attending a play at Ford’s Theater, Lincoln was assassinated by John Wilkes Booth. The job of promoting his Reconstruction Plan would now fall to the new president, Andrew Johnson. Johnson’s Plan was just as mild as Lincoln’s. He called on a majority of voters from each southern state to pledge loyalty to the U.S., and for each state to ratify the 13th Amendment. The southern states met Johnson’s demands, but Congress was angry. The same individuals who had led the South into the war were now back in political power. So the Radical Republicans (those who led the opposition to Johnson) drew up their own plan for admitting the rebel states back into the Union.
According to the Radical Reconstruction Plan, the South was divided into 5 military districts with each one commanded by an army general. Until a state met the requirements laid out by the Congress, the states would continue to be supervised by the federal government. The plan required the southern states to write new constitutions and to ratify the 14th Amendment (gave citizenship to all freedmen). The 14th amendment also provided guidelines for becoming a naturalized citizen – a person of foreign birth who is granted full citizenship. In 1870, the ratification of the 15th Amendment gave all African American men the right to vote. According to the Constitution, only Congress had the ability to make the laws so it would fall to the president to enforce the plan. Many Republicans were concerned that Johnson, a southerner, would not carry through and an effort was started to remove the president from office. When Johnson was impeached for not following an act of Congress, the Senate fell one vote short of the 2/3 majority needed to remove him from office.
Reconstruction physically reunited the North and South, ended slavery, and made great strides in the efforts to protect the rights of all citizens. But Reconstruction could not erase the southern mentality that existed prior to the war. Indeed, many southern states set out to deny blacks the basic freedoms that they were guaranteed in the new Reconstruction amendments. Poll taxes, literacy tests, and Jim Crow laws became the norm in the south. So while Reconstruction came to an end in 1876 with the election of Rutherford B. Hayes to the presidency, true equality for all Americans had not been achieved.
While Lincoln had hopes of convincing Congress to accept his Reconstruction Plan, those plans were dashed on the night of April 14, 1865. While attending a play at Ford’s Theater, Lincoln was assassinated by John Wilkes Booth. The job of promoting his Reconstruction Plan would now fall to the new president, Andrew Johnson. Johnson’s Plan was just as mild as Lincoln’s. He called on a majority of voters from each southern state to pledge loyalty to the U.S., and for each state to ratify the 13th Amendment. The southern states met Johnson’s demands, but Congress was angry. The same individuals who had led the South into the war were now back in political power. So the Radical Republicans (those who led the opposition to Johnson) drew up their own plan for admitting the rebel states back into the Union.
According to the Radical Reconstruction Plan, the South was divided into 5 military districts with each one commanded by an army general. Until a state met the requirements laid out by the Congress, the states would continue to be supervised by the federal government. The plan required the southern states to write new constitutions and to ratify the 14th Amendment (gave citizenship to all freedmen). The 14th amendment also provided guidelines for becoming a naturalized citizen – a person of foreign birth who is granted full citizenship. In 1870, the ratification of the 15th Amendment gave all African American men the right to vote. According to the Constitution, only Congress had the ability to make the laws so it would fall to the president to enforce the plan. Many Republicans were concerned that Johnson, a southerner, would not carry through and an effort was started to remove the president from office. When Johnson was impeached for not following an act of Congress, the Senate fell one vote short of the 2/3 majority needed to remove him from office.
Reconstruction physically reunited the North and South, ended slavery, and made great strides in the efforts to protect the rights of all citizens. But Reconstruction could not erase the southern mentality that existed prior to the war. Indeed, many southern states set out to deny blacks the basic freedoms that they were guaranteed in the new Reconstruction amendments. Poll taxes, literacy tests, and Jim Crow laws became the norm in the south. So while Reconstruction came to an end in 1876 with the election of Rutherford B. Hayes to the presidency, true equality for all Americans had not been achieved.
More Expert Information
You are an Ex-Confederate Soldier who returns from the Civil War to find your home in ruins. Your farm and family are torn apart because of the war. The only resources available to you are your own skill and determination since your slaves were freed and your resources drained. You hope Reconstruction ends quickly so you can return to the greater need “restoring your farm and family to their rightful place in society.” Reconstruction should be easy for the South since it was their right to succeed. Scalawags and Carpetbaggers will threaten your way of life. Beware of them. Be humane to the ex-slaves. They had no choice in the matter; however, some in your group will begin seeing hate as the only option. Extremist groups such as the Ku Klux Klan and the Knights of the White Camellia start popping up throughout the South. State’s rights and the return of order to a society torn by war are your main concern.
http://www.civilwar.com
http://www.civilwar.com
You are a carpetbagger, an investor from the North who traveled South after the war seeking economic gains in the southern Reconstruction governments. Your name is taken from your luggage. Your bags are made of carpet. You work with scalawags (white southerners who supported the Radical Republicans). Most of your business will result in purchasing properties for taxes, offering small sums of money for farms, and floating loans to the freedmen. The freedmen recognize your importance in their lives.
Also, understand your position with the military government. The Northern leaders have control of the society and can grant special privileges for those who are similar in ideology. The military districts offer you an added personal gain. The ex-Confederate, will loathe or detest you and your power. Don’t be rude. Remember that they’ve just lost a war…. Be gentle but don’t lose any money on the deal. Economics and not freedmen’s rights are your main concerns.
http://lcweb2.loc.gov/ammem/ndlpedu/lessons/rec/rhome.html
Also, understand your position with the military government. The Northern leaders have control of the society and can grant special privileges for those who are similar in ideology. The military districts offer you an added personal gain. The ex-Confederate, will loathe or detest you and your power. Don’t be rude. Remember that they’ve just lost a war…. Be gentle but don’t lose any money on the deal. Economics and not freedmen’s rights are your main concerns.
http://lcweb2.loc.gov/ammem/ndlpedu/lessons/rec/rhome.html
As Freedmen or ex-slaves, you are realizing your life has changed. In 1863, the Emancipation Proclamation freed the slaves in most areas of the South. Texas will hear the news on June 19, 1865. The Union promised “40 acres and a mule” to the freedmen. Freedmen like you are concerned with the basic survival needs (food, clothing, medical care), finding employment and locating their families. Survival is the most important aspect of your life since you have left your master’s plantation and have started to purchase small parcels of land. Education is offered freely. You begin to attend school. This opens new doors for you; however, the existing government begins to restrict your rights by passing black codes (laws limiting the rights of the freedmen concerning voting rights, employment, travel, leisure time, etc.) The ex-Confederate still offers some problem to you because of the black codes and property rights. These men could have you arrested and thrown into jail. Distance yourselves from them. The Carpetbaggers and Scalawags will also provide some difficulty to you as their economic power increases. Beware of them for they care only for themselves.
http://www.inform.umd.edu/ARHU/Depts/History/Freedman/home.html
http://www.inform.umd.edu/ARHU/Depts/History/Freedman/home.html
Women in the United States both North and South, regardless of race were all found in the same position as the war began. Most of the adults left behind were young and middle-aged women.
As a woman, you struggled with the double burden of keeping your homestead and farm running without the help of the men. You also had to support the soldiers at the battlefront. Your day was spent working the fields, sewing, cooking, binding, shucking and loading grain for what seemed an eternity. As the war draws to an end, the burden became greater.
The South saw occupation by military force, lived in a military state and watched as the wounds began to heal. Annie Harper wrote “Of all the desolate conditions of the human heart, few can compare with the feeling that you have no country, no flag, an exile in the land of your birth.” Lee’s surrender did not mean that your men folk would return or if and when they did, they might be able to work the land. This concerns you.
Also, the rising number of Carpetbaggers and Scalawags are alarming. Two have stopped and asked to purchase your farm. The freedmen stop by the farm looking for work. Since, you only have Confederate money, you can only offer them food for their work. Some stay and some go.
The decision of voting rights has everyone discussing the freedmen. Little mention is given to women’s rights. You want to scream, but that isn’t any way for a lady to act. Discuss the hardships of war, you look forward to your man’s return, and the possibility of voter’s rights.
http://scriptorium.lib.duke.edu/greenhow/roseindex.html
As a woman, you struggled with the double burden of keeping your homestead and farm running without the help of the men. You also had to support the soldiers at the battlefront. Your day was spent working the fields, sewing, cooking, binding, shucking and loading grain for what seemed an eternity. As the war draws to an end, the burden became greater.
The South saw occupation by military force, lived in a military state and watched as the wounds began to heal. Annie Harper wrote “Of all the desolate conditions of the human heart, few can compare with the feeling that you have no country, no flag, an exile in the land of your birth.” Lee’s surrender did not mean that your men folk would return or if and when they did, they might be able to work the land. This concerns you.
Also, the rising number of Carpetbaggers and Scalawags are alarming. Two have stopped and asked to purchase your farm. The freedmen stop by the farm looking for work. Since, you only have Confederate money, you can only offer them food for their work. Some stay and some go.
The decision of voting rights has everyone discussing the freedmen. Little mention is given to women’s rights. You want to scream, but that isn’t any way for a lady to act. Discuss the hardships of war, you look forward to your man’s return, and the possibility of voter’s rights.
http://scriptorium.lib.duke.edu/greenhow/roseindex.html